Dream of Scipio essays

Dream of Scipio essays The Dream of Scipio' is an excellent historical novel which portrays a gripping account of three protagonists each placed in a different time frame. The whole plot is woven around the theme of the horrendous crimes that are committed by mankind as civilization succumbs to the dark periods of each era. The pitiable plight of the Jews is neatly bought to the fore by the author. Particularly the author has projected a clear picture of the loss of discriminating capacity that results from religious prejudice. Manlius (fifth century), Oliver de Noyen (fifteenth century) and Julien Barneuve (20th century) are the three main characters who are affected by the disintegration of society and the upsurge of religious intolerance. Pears recounts how Judaism has been the target in all these three periods of civilian unrest and how the rise of Christianity has led to the gradual alienation of the Jews and as to how the politics within the papacy brewed religious opportunism. The whole religious setup was plagued by corruption to such an extent that even the Popes, the cardinals, and the so called leaders of Christian faith contemplated on exterminating a whole group of people (Jews) with a view to political gains. The whole novel is actually a learning process with the distilled wisdom of Sophia, the philosopher influencing and shaping the lives of the three protagonists We find that the Jews were discriminated throughout the history ever since the Roman era when Christianity became the main religion. The insistence on conversion has been so strong right from the Roman period. The loss of intellectual thinking and the discriminatory capacity is obvious as the Jews were incessantly targeted by the Christendom. In the novel we find that Oliver De Noyen discovers for himself that the higher officials of the Christian faith are more interested in religious ...

Tourism In The Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia Tourism Essay Essays

Tourism In The Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia Tourism Essay Essays Tourism In The Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia Tourism Essay Essay Tourism In The Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia Tourism Essay Essay Saudi Arabia is known to the universe as the centre of Islam and one of the really few states in the universe to hold maintained Islamic jurisprudence the Islamic law. Harmonizing to the U.S section of province ( 2010 ) Saudi Arabia remained as an absolute monarchy until 1992, at which clip the Saud royal household introduced the state s first fundamental law based on the Islamic law. With an country of about 865,000 square stat mis, Saudi Arabia is approximately one-third the size of the Continental United States, and the same size as all of Western Europe. Saudi Arabia s oil part and chief beginning of wealth prevarications along the Persian Gulf. This oil-derived wealth allowed the state to supply free wellness attention and instruction while non roll uping any revenue enhancements from its people. At the clip of World War II Saudi Arabia had tierce of all known oil militias, but falling demand and lifting production outside the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries ( OPEC ) endangered the state with domestic agitation and sabotaging its influence in the Gulf country. However, they fleetly recovered with a blooming economic system. Standard of life is calculated by ranks, such as existent income per individual and poorness ranks. Measures such as entree and quality of wellness attention, income growing inequality and educational criterions are besides used. The best statistic for mensurating criterion of life is the same one the UN uses to mensurate the degree of development of a state. The human development index ( HDI ) which is used as an option to mensurating GDP in order to find the state s wellbeing. The HDI provides a step of the mean three facets of human development, populating a long and healthy life, instruction and holding a nice criterion of life. Harmonizing to the latest U.N human development study ( 2007 ) Saudi Arabia s HDI value is.843. This denotes that Saudi Arabia ranks high on the human development index. Other facets taken into consideration when mensurating the land s HDI are life anticipation rates, under 5 mortality rates, and literacy rate. Harmonizing to the latest U.N human development study ( 2007 ) Saudi Arabia s life anticipation rate is 72.7 old ages old. The under 5 mortality rate in Saudi Arabia is 21.27 deceases per 1,000 harmonizing to the World Bank ( 2008 ) . In footings of literacy rate merely 85 % of Saudi Arabians are literate. The Saudi authorities is working on bettering the literacy rate in Saudi Arabia. Harmonizing to the latest U.N human development study ( 2009 ) Saudi Arabia s GDP rank subtraction HDI rank is at -19 a negative figure indicates that the HDI rank is lower than the GDP per capita ( PPP US $ ) and that poorness is low in that state. Gender inequality occurs on a day-to-day bases in Saudi Arabia. Harmonizing to Abdella ( 2010 ) the land allows work forces to twice the heritage that adult females are allowed. Womans are required to hold a guardian bodyguard them for many of life s day-to-day undertakings. Without the presence of a guardian, a adult female can non analyze, entree wellness services, marry, travel abroad, have a concern or even entree an ambulance in an exigency. Saudi adult females do non hold the right to drive. It is illegal for a adult female to be in the company of a adult male who is non in her immediate household. Young adult females are still non allowed to analyze certain topics, such as geology nevertheless it is indicated that adult females can go abroad entirely for surveies.On the topic of polygamy, work forces are permitted by jurisprudence to hold up to four married womans. Womans do non hold equal entree to the tribunals or an equal chance to obtain justness. Abdella ( 2010 ) acknowle dged that the authorities ought to measure Torahs and policies and revision basic Laws in order to guarantee gender equality and except the favoritism of adult females. In Saudi Arabia population growing is outpacing the economic growing and handiness of services and substructure in the state. The CIA universe fact book ( 2010 ) proved that by contrast to the U.S, Saudi Arabia experiences a high population growing rate of 1.85 % . Saudi Arabia s growing rate is lower than mean developing states, which is typically about 2.5 % ; but higher than the U.S 1 % population growing rate. Due to its population Growth Issues Saudi Arabia is confronting troubles in supplying occupations, H2O, nutrient and energy to its autochthonal immature population and there is a widening spread between the ability of the economic system to make occupations and the population growing rate. A major difference between economic growing and human development is that economic growing focuses on the expansion of income, while Human development focuses on enlarging all human options. Harmonizing to United Nations human Development Program ( 2010 ) instruction, wellness, clean environment and stuff good being make non needfully depend on income. Therefore, the options available for bettering people s lives are inclined to the quality of economic growing in its wider sense, and the impact is by no agencies confined to quantitative facets of such growing. The terminal end of investing in human capital, in footings of wellness, instruction, nutrition and preparation, is to hike production and generate extra income. Investings in physical substructure are a important property of Saudi Arabia s current economic development thrust. Harmonizing to Hayward ( 2009 ) the land seeks to cut down its trust on the oil industry. Saudi Arabia announced a immense economic stimulation budget for 2009, apportioning more money for instruction and an addition in public disbursement by 15.8 per cent. The Saudi Government plans to pass a enormous sum of money on substructure undertakings in the following five old ages as the land seeks to profit from lower building costs amid the planetary fiscal crunch. The building division will be motivated by the launch of six economic metropoliss to be completed by 2020. Harmonizing to Hayward ( 2009 ) these six new industrialized metropoliss will diversify Saudi Arabia s economic system and are expected to magnify GDP. Undertakings presently underway in the Kingdom include two immense railroad enterprises, which will hike trade and touristry webs. Work continues to spread out in Saudi Arabia s port web as the state competitions with other Gulf States to offer a gateway to Middle East markets. With the spread outing population growing issues the force per unit area is being put Forth on the state s public-service corporations. The Saudi agricultural sector is the 2nd largest industry in the Kingdom. Saudi Arabia has achieved huge agricultural development, suppressing the troubles of scarce rain, meager subterraneous H2O, limited local work force and widely dispersed arable lands. Harmonizing to the CIA universe fact book ( 2010 ) many persons migrate to Saudi Arabia for employment. In 2009 merely 6.75 % of the population was employed in agribusiness and 21.40 % employed in the services. Agriculture has grown at an mean one-year rate of 8.7 per centum since 1970 and histories for more than 9.4 per centum of Saudi Arabia s GDP. Harmonizing to The Saudi web ( 2010 ) in order to keep agribusiness, the Saudi Government has built more than 200 dikes to continue rainwater, with storage capacity of 689 million three-dimensional metres. In order to finance this development, the Saudi Agricultural Bank was established in 1964. It is a specialised agricultural bank ; it extends long-run, interest-free loans to husbandmans and agricultural companies. Harmonizing to The Saudi web ( 2010 ) the Saudi Government has besides supplied seeds and saplings at nominal monetary values. It has afforded veterinary and agricultural counsel and works protection services. Other steps include the purchase of strategic agricultural harvests, such as wheat and barley at high monetary values, through the General Organization for Grain Silos and Flour Mills. Public treatment about environmental issues has increased significantly throughout Saudi Arabia, Following a series of inundations in the Kingdom. Harmonizing to the Saudi web ( 2010 ) the most of import environmental issue confronting Jeddah is sewerage. The estimations on the country of the metropolis that is presently connected to the cloaca pipes vary from 8-14 % , with around 80 % of houses utilizing infected armored combat vehicles. In recent old ages, the waste from the metropolis s infected armored combat vehicles has been discarded in the Briman Sewage Lake, better known as Musk Lake Centre. However, environmental and wellness anxiousness following last twelvemonth s inundations, coupled with a royal edict telling the voidance of the lake, have prompted metropolis functionaries to happen alternate solutions. The usage of leaching cavities infected armored combat vehicles without a concrete underside that allow sewerage to run out into the land led to dirty and belowground H 2O taint every bit good as a rise in the H2O tabular array. The deficiency of a proper cloaca system has created an ecological catastrophe. Global heating has besides affected Saudi Arabia more than any other state late. The temperature in Saudi Arabia has neer allowed it to snow in Saudi Arabia. However, due to planetary warming it late snowed in Saudi Arabia. Due to political struggle ensuing from the wiki leaks incident the Saudi authorities is hesitating towards implementing environmental policies. No state in the universe will be spared from the effects of the fiscal crisis and ensuing in a planetary recession. Harmonizing to Bourland ( 2008 ) For Saudi Arabia, it has wholly shifted the focal point of economic policy from commanding rising prices to reconstructing assurance in the fiscal sector. We see the following cardinal deductions for the Saudi economic system. Oil monetary values will be significantly lower than antecedently anticipated and reduced production will worsen the impact on oil grosss. Finance for local and foreign companies making concern in the Kingdom will be less easy available and more expensive. Harmonizing to Bourland ( 2008 ) economic growing will decelerate as jobs accessing appropriately priced funding and lower oil grosss delay project execution and impair assurance. Lower oil grosss will intend the terminal to the immense budget and current history excesss of recent old ages. Sharply lower trade good monetary values and a strengthening of the riyal will do rising prices to fall back quickly over the following 12 months. Due to corruptness in Saudi Arabia, the Public pick theory would assist better Saudi Arabia. The Public pick theory is most effectual when authorities agents are self interested and will non make things in the public involvement and in state of affairss where the authorities is corrupt. Public pick theory encourages minimized Government and maximized market in development schemes. Government policies in Saudi Arabia promote gender, societal, and educational inequality. Corruptness is perceived as important. Harmonizing to the index of economic freedom ( 2010 ) Saudi Arabia ranks 80th out of 179 states in transparence. International s Corruption Perceptions Index for 2008. The absence of transparence in authorities histories and decision-making encourages a perceptual experience of corruptness on the portion of some members of the royal household and in the executive subdivision. Government procurance is an country of concern. Bribes, frequently disguised as committees, are allegedly commonplace. Corruptness is presently forestalling Saudi Arabia from making its full economic potency. The less fortunate population of Saudi Arabia relies on paying off functionaries to acquire things done. Those without money are ever left buttocks. Even affluent citizens are affected by corruptness due to the fact that they are unable to put and spread out their wealth. Crime rates are really low in Saudi Arabia due to their utmost penalties set by Islamic laws Torahs. Consequently, offense does non hold a important impact on Saudi Arabia s economic development. The chief job refering to offense in Saudi Arabia is its multinational trafficking Issues. Harmonizing to the consequence of the Eighth United Nations Survey on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems ( 2002 ) Saudi Arabia has become a finish state for workers from South and Southeast Asia who are allegedly subjected to nonvoluntary servitude physical and sexual maltreatment, non-payment of rewards, parturiency, and withholding of passports as a limitation on their motion. Domestic workers are preponderantly vulnerable because they are restricted to the house in which they work, without being able to seek aid. Harmonizing to the consequence of the Eighth United Nations Survey on Crime Trends and the Operations of Criminal Justice Systems ( 2002 ) Saudi Arabia is besides a finish state for Nigerian, Yemeni, Pakistani, Afghan, Somali, Malian, and Sudanese kids trafficked for forced beggary and nonvoluntary servitude as street sellers ; some Nigerian adult females were reportedly trafficked into Saudi Arabia for commercial sexual development Saudi Arabia is an absolute monarchy. The national authorities consists of a Council of Ministers, headed by the King, who holds the station of the Prime Minister. Its absolute dictatorship government has helped increase corruptness within Saudi Arabia. The land would be a really hapless state without its oil grosss. There is a definite demand for economic variegation for economic variegation is Saudi Arabia. Inequality and corruptness are besides major economic reverses for Saudi Arabia. Gender inequality and human right misdemeanors occur on a day-to-day bases in Saudi Arabia. Unfortunately, the authorities uses whatever reading of the Quran that is convenient for them in order to warrant their greed and human Right Violations.

English Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 28

English - Essay Example On the other hand the number of troops in the UAE was 50,500 personnel on total, which is very less when compared to the US military. â€Å"In 2004 total active troops were estimated at 50,500 personnel: army, 44,000; navy, 2,500; and air force, 4,000. Estimates in 2005 raised the total to 59,000 personnel† (Pike). Currently the UAE military also known as the Union Defense Force consists of about 65,000 troops. The mission of the US armed forces is to conduct successful battles that must fulfill national achievement and retain superiority through defending all threats. â€Å"The Army’s mission is to fight and win our Nation’s wars by providing prompt, sustained land dominance across the full range of military operations and spectrum of conflict in support of combatant commanders† (US. Army). The mission of the UAE military is to maintain national security and peace in the country. The US military has been successful in most cases, especially when it comes to third world countries and Middle East countries like Afghanistan and Iraq. Though the UAE military hasn’t been as invasive as the US military, it is well equipped and ready to face any threat that comes its way. The Defense budget of the United States is the largest in the world. The total amount spend on the US military is around $583 billion each year. In the year 2009, â€Å"the White House is seeking $711 billion for the military† (Hellman & Sharp). â€Å"The UAE central defense budget has been set around USD2 billion to USD2.5 billion over the past decade† (Ripley & Foss). The US military actively appoints women to work in their armed forces. The women are usually appointed for a different section of the armed forces. The participation of women the US military has been remarkable over the years. In the UAE, women entered the military field at a much later time, as the UAE is primarily a Muslim country. There have been many restrictions on the action of women in the UAE military. However, times

Career Opportunities for Business Students Essay

Career Opportunities for Business Students - Essay Example However, the paper does cover areas of interest for business students who have completed four years in college. Since the option of further studies by pursuing a graduate program is available to these students, this option is covered as well. The paper looks at the sources of information that are available online to provide guidance to students who want to know about the prospects after they graduate. Most of the jobs advertised for accountants and auditors require a minimum of a bachelor's degree in accounting. This is the case with almost all the accounting related jobs and hence one needs to have a degree in accounting if one wants to take up a job as an accountant or an auditor. Accountants and auditors are in great demand across the United States and the jobs pay well and have other benefits that include perks and allowances. Due to the ongoing economic crisis, there has been a drop in the number of jobs available in these fields. However, the silver lining is that accounting jobs for graduates of accounting courses have been increasing with the signs of recovery that are visible now. Further, accountants and auditors are needed even when the firm is slashing jobs in other departments. This is because of the fact that the financial statements and other methods of accounting need to be taken care of at all times. The statistics show that 21 % of all wage jobs were held by accountants and auditors. This figure represents the fact that these professions are much sought after. However, the rigorous nature of the course deters many students from pursuing courses in these subjects. Hence, the ones who persevere are rewarded for their hard work and diligence in completing the course. The typical employers for accountants and auditors range from the consulting firms to the governmental jobs. The category of employers is broad and the consulting firms pay the most, though, this has become a bone of contention because of the current economic crisis. The fact remains that any organization needs an accountant to look after the book keeping and associated financial function. Hence, there is a great demand for these jobs at all levels and in all companies. The accounting profession is an all weather employment profession. TRENDS The current trends in the accounting industry are an emphasis on self employment as well as demand for accountants who have knowledge of the various regulatory requirements that are being brought by the government. I will examine both of these trends separately. The latter trend has become more pronounced with the introduction of the Sarbanes Oxley act and the subsequent adoption of stricter accounting regulations. Further, the ongoing economic crisis is bound to result in greater oversight and regulation. The trend towards employing accountants who are familiar with the workings of the regulatory mechanisms is favorable for those students who have familiarized themselves with the various regulatory frameworks that have been introduced in the US. The other trend of self employed accountants is bound to grow with the economic crisis leading to a system where accountants are hired for the short term without permanent employment by the companies. The other noteworthy trend in the accounting prof

Folkloreterm paper on capoeira Term Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Folkloreterm on capoeira - Term Paper Example This style is known today as Capoeira and reflects much of the Brazilian culture. This paper explores the rituals of Capoeira, revisits the history of the martial art and the country it originated from, takes a look the cultural aspect of the art, and explains the relevance of Capoeira to the style that is practiced today in the United States. The Ritual One of the interesting parts of this style of training is that the students usually learn to sing and play an instrument as a part of their training and development in Capoeira. Songs are sang in Brazilian Portuguese, which is why students are encourage to learn at least a basic understanding of the language. According to Lucia Viti (2003), the songs are used to set the pace of the fight. Chanting and clapping are also used to create rhythm and add excitement to the class. Some fights are aggressive and exciting, while others are low and intertwined. Capoeira contains a wide range of musical instruments used to mediate the mood or fe el of the class and widen the skills of the practitioner, particularly the advanced students. Some of the instruments allowed and commonly used in Capoeira are the drums, agogos, tambourines, berimbaus, the ago-ago, known in the United States as a cowbell. ... The Breakdown of the Classes, Fights, and Events The class is often broken down into two sections. In the first section of the class, the students are working on their technique, warming up, and learning concepts about the game. In the second section, the students get together as a group and form a ring. Two students are chosen to step inside the ring and perform. These students engage in a non-violent fight where they display their skill to the group. The other members of the group, still forming a ring, chant and sing while the two in the middle fight. The participants can be male or female and sometimes they are pitted against each other. To begin, the opponents squat down low to the ground to shake hands with each other. The ginga, or the swing, is the most basic move in and more or less the fighter’s stance. This would be equivalent to the sparring stance in Taekwondo or another sparring sport. This is acceptable, since this is not a contact sport. During the fight, the e valuation examines the fight itself and how it feels rather than focusing on the fighters. The fighters are considered successful when they follow the feel or rhythm of the music and atmosphere. According to Delmont (2006), â€Å"Festivals include baptism and graduation ceremonies, when masters from other cities come in to judge, give demonstrations, and teach classes† (____) Acrobatics are an important element that sets Capoeira apart from many other martial arts. Capoeira involves cartwheels and inversions often as a part of the intent of the fighters. The acrobatics display physical ability and serve a diversion to the opponent. Many fighters implement acrobatics into their fighting styles. Even instructors in their 50s

Treaty of Versailles Essay Example for Free

Treaty of Versailles Essay As solders on the battlefields celebrated, families reunited, and the unlucky ones mourned, the war was finally over, as of 11 o clock on the morning of November 11th in 1918 (Vaughan, 1-2). The solders that survived came home, and the unlucky ones did not; some families united, and other families mourned for their loved ones. Everybody started celebrating the end of the first major war, where so many young lives were lost; so many people were permanently scarred for life or suffered horrible war-injuries (Vaughan, 1-2). The Treaty of Versailles was the treaty formed at the end of World War I, which many historians say caused the next major war, WWII. The reason for this, they say, is because of too many harsh laws included in the treaty, which put the full blame of Germany. Germany was blamed, because they lost the war, and so every other country used them as easy scapegoat, for all of the damage and loss of lives that had just happened. Of course as the scapegoat, Germany was forced and had to pay huge amounts of reparation fees and had to give up most of their land for no real apparent reason (Vaughan, 1-2). All of these heavy burdens and mistakes were just being thrown on the Germans and their nation for no other reason than the fact that they had lost the war. Germany did not even start the war, at a matter of fact (abid). Two month later, after WWI, leaders gathered in Paris to make a treaty, the treaty of Versailles. This treaty like all treaties in history, was to help maintain peace and to prevent war. But in this case, it is not the same. The treaty actually encouraged war, than to prevent it (nv.cc.va.us). In a palace near Paris, France called Versailles, the new treaty was created. Named after the place it was written it, the treaty of Versailles was supposed to have a goal, which was of course to maintain the peace for as long as possible, like all treaties ever made. But which of course, less than twenty years went by, until the whole world experienced the biggest and deadliest war that they had ever seen, WWII (Mayer, 3365). This deadly war, WWII, affected at least every country in the world in one way or another and  the death number was in the millions. So therefore and obliviously the treaty did not do a very good (Vaughan, 1-2). The leaders who met to sign the treaty were known to the world as the Big Four, basically because the fate of Germany was put into their hands, and later the fate of WWII. This Big Four included these popular leaders: Woodrow Wilson (1856-1924), the president of the United States at the time, David Lloyd George (1863-1945), who was the prime minister of Great Britain, Georges Clemenceau (1841-1929), who was the premier of France), and finally, Vittorio Emanuele Orlando (1860-1952), the premier of France. Another name, which was not with or in the Big Four was Ulrich Von Brockdoff-Rantzau (1869-1928), and he was the leader of delegation; foreign minister who was given the treaty on behalf of Germany. He was the person who had to accept the terms or Germany would be completely annihilated (learn.co.uk). Many historians ask if the four leaders or idealists were, in definite seeking a just and lasting peace, or were they more concerned with vengeance and assurances of national security (Vaughan, 1-2)? The historians that said this quote thought that the leaders only were concerned with vengeances, and not assurances of national security, which they probably were. Many people say that the leaders were not trying to punish Germany for the cause of war, because everyone already knew that Germany in fact did not cause it, but actually were trying to help themselves to free German land and their money. Nobody really knows what were going in the minds of the Big Four, except for them, but everyone does know that whatever it was, it caused a great deal of tensions and, between Germany and the rest of Europe. (abid) A great example of a person trying to get free land at the time the treaty was being made was Georges Clemenceau, the premier of France. He wanted to detach the Rhineland, and wanted to post that in the treaty, but the president of the United States at that time, Woodrow Wilson, knew what he was up to. He knew that the premier has been looking for a way to annex Saar Basin from Germany from in which rich resource would be taken from (bbc.co.uk). The one and probably the only one positive result from WWI, was the beginning of the League of Nations, formed and organized by Woodrow Wilson, of the United States. Woodrow formed this organization which supported a way for nations and leaders throughout the world, to come together and talk instead of fight. It was a way to prevent war, basically. Woodrow Wilson invited all countries to join the league instead of use arms. Unfortunately many did not join and the idea thus became weak, just like the organization (learn.co.uk). In fact the person who created it, Woodrow Wilson withdrew from his own organization. This was after some of the other leaders wanted the organization to be restricted and not welcome Germany or other weak countries. These leaders liked Woodrows idea, except they wanted it to be an exclusive organization, and did not have the same idea as Woodrow did on this. So without the U.S. or Russia, the organization became weak, until of course W.W.II, where it was brought back up again. The League of Nations was and still is today, one of mankinds attempts to find a means of abolishing war, and maintaining peace for as long as possible (learn.co.uk). The League of Nations was a way for leaders all around the world to talk about the problem at hand, instead to quickly take arms, and cause violence. Thus this is one of mankinds attempts to maintain peace and avoid violence throughout the world. This peace treaty was acclaimed as the single official document that had the most influence on shaping the events (Vaughan, 3). The events that Vaughan was talking about, was of course WWII, and the treaty was famous, or acclaimed for causing or shaping the next war. Somewhere between the first major war, and twenty years after that, the next major war, the treaty took affect. People, mostly the Germans felt betrayed and vengeful, because of the presented treaty. In those twenty years, the treaty of Versailles was ignored and not in any way enforced by anyone. The treaty basically did not have any positive value and instead only had negative affects. For example, it made all German citizens angry, and lead up to dictatorship, or Hitler. Therefore many say that the treaty caused more harm than good, if any good at all (abid). The treaty statements would have been harsh and difficult for anyone, not just Germany, to handle. The treaty was composed of exactly 440 articles, maps, and illustrations which all commanded or told Germany what to do and what to give up (lib.byu). The list of the changes was long and harsh. The Big Four were busy making changes and playing with Germanys eastern borders, such as Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Yugoslavia, Rumania, Hungary, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Finland, Estonia, and the Rhineland (Mayer, 3365). All of these were either taken away from Germany, or were affected in some way by the terms of the treaty, as stated in Articles 27-30. The four leaders did not just want reparations, which were high enough, but even wanted to punish their enemies by taking away their land. Some countries were annexed away completely, and others were taken away from only in some parts, and all of the annexed areas were distributed among the countries that won. Ports, waterways, and even railways, all of which were German property, in the beginning, were now divided equally (Mayer, 3365). Also, the treaty talks about reducing Germanys military, naval and Germanys air-force (Articles 159 through 213), but of course since the treaty was never enforced, Hitler, who comes into play much later, does not even pay much attention to these rules (momo.essortment). On September 14, 1930, the new Nazi party was elected, and whenever Hitler, the ruler or dictator of the party, broke a rule stated in the treaty, the Germany people liked Hitler even more, because they despised the treaty. So thus everyone encouraged Hitler to build up his army, airplanes, and submarines (momo.essortment). How did Hitler come into power, and cause the deaths of billions around the world, ask historians. Or more important, how did this the treaty of Versailles affect Hitler or make him popular with the people? Well, the money was a big problem. The leaders made Germany deeply into debt, with their high-reparation fees. This of course would lead Germanys economy to  be dangerously low (Cecil, 20). The German money value decreased and the affect of that made many go into poverty. Many were asking why pay so much, even if their country did not start the war. Many lost jobs or committed suicides even, because problems were so bad (abid). So that is why the people hated the treaty of Versailles so much, especially since the treaty told them that money was not enough, and Germany had to give away their land, for free. This treaty caused not only bitterness at first, but made Europe grow a continued tension [that lasted] for the next two decades (Vaughan, 2) The treaty caused these tensions which builded and grew larger in the people, which resulted in a huge war, WWII. The people grew hatred, and did not know who to blame for all of this. Their hatred and anger turned on their government, which currently was the Weimar Republic (bbc. co.uk). During the time period of 1919 and 1923, the uprisings and trouble grew larger. Many revolutions and protests happened in the streets, all against their government. Groups like the communists, and others, like the right-wing nationalists tried to take advantage of this opportunity, by trying to overthrow the government and rule it for themselves [Everyone] blamed the government for accepting the treaty and tried to overthrow [them] (bbc.co.uk). The people or citizens did not know who to blame for the punishment that was put on them for no reason, so the people turned on their own government, and blamed them. At this time, where these uprisings were happening, a person by the name of Adolf Hitler was currently working as a spy at several anti-Semitic groups, in 1919. After fighting in WWI and suffering from poison gas, he was looking for some extra money and a temporary job from the German army, so he went and spied on these groups. Only two years later though, in 1921, his interest grew; he joined the party and soon became their leader (bbc.co.uk). As leader, Hitler tried to get as many people to join his party, as possible. He did things like change the name of the party, which included words like socialists, and nationalists so that the name would attract more people. Also he spoke to mass-audiences, and made speeches on how he would revive Germanys respect, and rule Germanys empire for more than 1,000  years (abid). Eventually, he got elected into power with the help of a friend, Paul von Hindenburg. But after he died, Hitler took the chance and became the new consensus successor or dictator. He had obtained full control over the country. After taking care of some business and eliminating those who opposed him (other parties and government institutions), he put Mein Kampf, his first plan, into full affect. This plan, was world domination and Hitler outlined this to his army generals, on November, 1937 (remember). Hitler did not just want to conquer more lands or get back the land stolen from them, but from his anti-Semitic values that he learned while working as a spy, he created dozens of death camps wherever his empire expanded to. Millions of people send to these death traps to die, and the only reason that they were sent to die was because they were considered inferior. Inferior, meaning a different religion, race, etc. (remember). Jews, homosexuals, and even the mentally handicapped were all targeted, considered to be inferior in the eyes of the racist Nazis, were all killed because of who they were, and for no other reason than that(abid). So in conclusion, did the so called peace treaty help in maintaining peace or bringing about conditions that helped Adolph Hitler rise to power to get revenge. German citizens thought that that all the stuff that Hitler was doing such as expanding Germany and killing millions was just or right; was just a common reaction from the many harsh laws inside the treaty. The people never thought that Hitler was too out of line, because they might have been too vengeful themselves or didnt have anything else on their mind, except hatred. Of course, not until the end of WWII, did everyone find the death camps, and what Hitler was really doing behind their backs. Adolph Hitler opposed the treaty while he was in power, and was supported by the Germans for so long, because of that, say historians (remember). For instance, every time he broke a law from the treaty, such as increasing his army, or expanding his borders, he would became more popular with his own people. Hitler played a significant role in causing World War II, less than twenty years later the terms of the treaty were written (abid). The person who wrote this quote told an obvious fact, Hitler did not jut play a significant role in the war, he basically caused the entire war himself. The  treaty of Versailles had ended WWI, in which millions of people, mostly young, fought and died in the belief that they were defending their homelands, their families, and their people, would soon cause another deadly war, this war even more deadlier than before. Millions of young lives and fellow citizens believed in slogans that yelled to them. Loud slogans on posters and bulletins yelled and predicted WWI to be, the war to end all wars, or the war to make the world safe for democracy (nv.cc.va.us). WWI was named these two things at the time, probably to enlist more and more people, but which of course both did not come true. WWI was not the war to end all wars, nor was it, the war that made it s afe for democracy.

The Futility of War: an Analysis of Erich Maria Remarque’s All Quiet on

Front Stories of wars and the resulting victories are usually told in highly embellished narratives that seek to cover the grim realities of war as much as they aim to whip up popular emotion in order to ensure support for any future wars among the masses. However, war, by its very nature, is neither desirable nor its outcome praiseworthy. Erich Maria Remarque’s All Quiet on the Western Front lays bare the gritty, gruesome and ultimately self-defeating nature of wars. As Paul Baumer and his soldier comrades enlist and join the Germany Army in order to defeat the enemy, they themselves are slowly vanquished, first psychologically and finally physically through death. As the soldier members Paul Baumer’s company are slowly killed in battle, he becomes more and more disillusioned with the war, especially since he and his friends had enlisted with idealistic aims fed to them by their teacher Kantorek. Instead of patriotic glory and poetic war victories, Paul and his friends foun d defeat and ephemeral triumphs; instead of honor, they encountered dishonor; instead of personal growth and advancement, they found stagnation and watched their youthful dreams die. Through the war experiences of Paul Baumer as depicted in the novel All Quiet on the Western Front, the ultimate tragedy of war is revealed; it destroys the lives of its very agents – the soldiers – by crashing their dreams and claiming their lives for little discernible overall gain. Going To War Ultimately, Paul Baumer and his high school mates enthusiastically enlisted and went to war first out of a sense of youthful adventure. Barely out of their teens, Paul and his high school mates are not old enough to understand the socio-economic and political factors that charact... ... war as captured by the leaders of the war hardly depicts the futility of war, and only the through the accounts of soldiers on the front does the truth emerge, as it does in the novel – that war is counter-productive. Works Cited Hunt, Nigel. "The contribution of All Quiet on the Western Front to our understanding of psychological trauma." European Psychiatry 19, no. 8 (2004): 489-493. Remarque, Erich Maria. All Quiet on the Western Front. Trans. A. W. Wheen. New York: Fawcett Books, 1982. Robinett, Jane. "The Narrative Shape of Traumatic Experience." Literature & Medicine 26, no. 2 (Fall2007 2007): 290-311. Tighe, Joseph A. 2004. "All Quiet on the Western Front: A Phenomenological Investigation of War." Critical Survey 16, no. 3(Fall 2004): 48-61. Ware, Thomas C. "Remarque's ALL QUIET ON THE WESTERN FRONT." Explicator 63, no. 2 (Fall 2005): 99-100.